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British physicist Peter Higgs was born #OTD in 1929.
In 1964, Higgs proposed a theory explaining how particles acquire mass. This mechanism involves the interaction of particles with a field, now known as the Higgs field. The field has an associated particle (Higgs boson). The search for the Higgs boson became a major focus of particle physics experiments. In 2012, scientists at CERN's Large Hadron Collider announced the discovery of a new particle consistent with the Higgs boson.
"We have found a strange foot-print on the shores of the unknown. We have devised profound theories, one after another, to account for its origins. At last, we have succeeded in reconstructing the creature that made the footprint. And lo! It is our own."
Space, Time and Gravitation (1920)
Books by Arthur Stanley Eddington at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/34163
In 1919 Andrew Claude de la Cherois Crommelin went to Sobral, in Brazil, and measured the amount of deflection of light caused by the gravitational field of the Sun. The results from these observations were crucial in providing confirmation of the General Theory of Relativity, which Albert Einstein had proposed in 1916.
The elliptic integrals show up in all sorts of situations in #physics, and are a good example of the necessary of numerical approximation to obtain answers. Elliptic integrals are a particular class of the so-called "special functions"—the relatively obscure functions which typically arise as solutions to differential equations and which do not have a closed-form expression. #blog #math https://devyn.ca/blog/elliptic-integrals/
How to define charge, voltage, current, resistance and electrical forces in non-conventional manner?
#electricity #battery #charge #education #physics #philosophy #nonconventional #newtheory #newscience #science #scifi #explanation #teded #help #mutualaid #mutualeducation #quantum #voltage #volt #current #force
Electromagnetism : a 2D electric field generated by a collection of positive charges distributed along a rectangle
Dutch physicist Pieter Zeeman was born #OTD in 1865.
In 1896, while studying the effect of magnetic fields on the light emitted by a sodium flame, Zeeman observed that the spectral lines of the light split into multiple components in the presence of a magnetic field- the Zeeman effect.
In 1902, Pieter Zeeman was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics, shared with Hendrik Lorentz, for the discovery of the Zeeman effect and its theoretical explanation.
It’s been more than 25 years since the most recent revolutionary idea about our #Universe, the existence of dark energy, was shown to fundamentally be a part of our reality.
Many unsolved problems and theoretical conundrums remain, yet our fundamental understanding of the Universe hasn’t progressed in several decades.
It’s because our current best theories, despite their shortcomings, are so undeniably successful.
#physics #cosmology
https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/fundamental-science-victim-success/
German mineralogist and physicist Franz Ernst Neumann died #OTD in 1895.
Neumann made significant advances in the mathematical understanding of crystal structures & their physical properties. His work laid the groundwork for the field of crystallography. He also developed the concept of the piezoelectric effect in crystals.In 1831, he established the Neumann's Law: the molecular heat of a compound is equal to the sum of the atomic heats of its constituents.
French mathematician and engineer Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis was born #OTD in 1792.
He is best known for his work on the supplementary forces that are detected in a rotating frame of reference, leading to the Coriolis effect. He was the first to apply the term "work" for the transfer of energy by a force acting through a distance, and he prefixed the factor ½ to Leibniz's concept of vis viva, thus specifying today's kinetic energy.
Anders Celsius published his research at Abhandlungen über thermometrie, von Fahrenheit, Réaumur, Celsius, (1724, 1730-1733, 1742)
Hrsg. von A.J. von Oettingen.
Available via @internetarchive
Historical note:
1742 Anders Celsius invented the Celsius temperature scale. In its original form the scale had 0 degrees for the boiling point of water and 100 degrees for its freezing point.
1743 The scale was changed by Jean Pierre Christin so that 0 degrees is the freezing point of water and 100 degrees is its boiling point.
via @internetarchive
In his paper Observations of two persistent degrees on a thermometer, Christin recounted his experiments showing that the melting point of ice is essentially unaffected by pressure. He also determined with remarkable precision how the boiling point of water varied as a function of atmospheric pressure. He proposed that the zero point of his temperature scale, being the boiling point, would be calibrated at the mean barometric pressure at mean sea level.
#OTD in 1743.
French physicist Jean-Pierre Christin published the design of a mercury thermometer using the centigrade scale with 0 representing the melting point of water and 100 its boiling point.
Available at : Annales des sciences physiques et naturelles, d'agriculture et d'industrie
By Société d'agriculture, sciences et industrie de Lyon. via @googlebooks
English self-taught mathematician and physicist Oliver Heaviside was born #OTD in 1850.
He invented a new technique for solving differential equations, independently developed vector calculus, and rewrote Maxwell's equations in the form commonly used today. He significantly shaped the way Maxwell's equations are understood and applied in the decades following Maxwell's death. His practical experience in telegraphy provided a foundation for his later theoretical work.
